Coral Reefs A Study From National Oceanic And...

To our eyes we see a beautiful, diverse, colorful reef that adds beauty to the ocean and to the fishes. Others see a peaceful bed for the oceans floor. Creature on the other hand see a shelter, and protection from people or bigger animals that lurk for their pray. Coral reefs aren’t made for its scenery, but as an ecosystem for many plants and animals. They do not only help the animals but serve to people as important sources of income, food, protection, and new medicines of mankind. Coral reefs are less than 1 percent of the ocean floor, but support 25% of all marine life, shown by a study from national oceanic and atmospheric administration on www.noaa.gov. Coral reefs are often referred to as the, â€Å"rainforest of the sea,† due to having the same purpose as a rainforest by being an essential means of shelter and protection to plants and animals, and being a savior to the people, the economy, and the environments. Coral reef plays a major role in helping the environments stay healthy and in tack for many more decades to come. The coral reef act as a buffer for the shorelines slowing down the movement of waves, storms, and floods, helping prevent erosion, catastrophic deaths, and property damage, as said by national oceanic and atmospheric administration, on oceanservice.noaa.gov Without the reefs, normal wavers could demolish coastal communities and cause injuries and even deaths. A healthy reef removes the necessity for more government spending on artificial barrier inShow MoreRelatedCoral Reefs : A Study From National Oceanic And Atmospheric Administration983 Words   |  4 Pagessome, diverse, and colorful reefs add beauty to the ocean and to the fish. Others see coral reefs as peaceful beds on the ocean s floor. Creatures, on the other hand, see a shelter and protection from people or bigger larger that lurk for their prey. Coral reefs aren’t made for their scenery, but as ecosyste ms for many plants and animals. They do not only help the animals, but serve as important sources of income, food, protection, and new medicines for mankind. Coral reefs are less than one percentRead MoreThe Great Coral Reef Of Florida1544 Words   |  7 PagesGreat Coral Reef of Florida. There are many important aspects to look at other than facts about the Great Coral Reef, but also the effects it is facing as well as how it plays a role in the economy, as in terms of bringing in money for the communities. Each topic that I am going to talk about mainly comes from information found by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the Florida Department of Environmental Protection. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration isRead MoreThe Environment Of Marine Life833 Words   |  4 Pagesare living in and around the reefs. Coral reefs hold more number of species per unit area than any other water bodies. Coral reefs hold the highest biodiversity, because the corals provide food and also protect from predators besides providing the shelter for a variety of organisms. [2, 4]. Coral reefs are built by small colonial species called coral polyps, by converting the carbon dioxide absorbed by sea from the environment into limestone. The reef building corals contain an algae called zooxanthellaeRead MoreClimate And Paleoclimatology1665 Words   |  7 PagesPaleoclimatology The Earth has maintained records of its climatic conditions in glaciers and ice caps, sediments from lakes and oceans, within the skeletons of coral reefs, as well as tree rings. The study of these samples is known as paleoclimatology. These environmental recorders can be used by scientists to estimate past conditions. Common findings from paleoclimatologists (those who study environmental evidence to gain insight on what the past climate was like and why) indicate that the Earth’s climateRead MoreThe Threat Against Sea Turtles2634 Words   |  11 Pagesthere are only 7 species of sea turtles in the vast ocean, those numbers don t seem so big after all. Even more so when you say all 7 species are on the endangered list of extinction. One of the biggest threat against sea turtles, and all other oceanic life, is the pollution crisis of plastics, glass, and all other trash. But as long as people dump their trash in the oceans, and it doesn t violate the government’s dumpi ng regulations, then it’s perfectly http://i.imgur.com/foQcVja.jpg legal. WithoutRead MoreClimate Change Persuasive994 Words   |  4 Pagessea ice. Another major climate change affect is Coral Bleaching, which it is caused by the ocean water temperature rising due to climate change. The greenhouse effect is a major cause of climate change. This is because the gases trapped in the atmosphere absorb radiation and send it back to earth making the temperature rise. The authors from â€Å"Climate change: evidence of human causes and arguments for emissions reduction†, state that, â€Å"Certain atmospheric constituents known as greenhouse gases (suchRead MorePalmata Case Study867 Words   |  4 PagesA study by Ritchie, 2006 illustrated how a temperature increase initiates a temporal shift within A.palmata mucus isolates, from beneficial bacteria to dominance by members of the genus Vibrio, suggesting that protective mechanisms employed by this species are lost under warmer conditions. Increased temperatures lowering coral resistance, thus, increasing disease susceptibility is well documented (Bruno, 2007; Muller et al, 2008), as is the rise in ocean heat content (Figure 3). Figure 3: Time seriesRead MoreClimate Change : Ocean Acidification Essay1736 Words   |  7 Pagescrucial problem that is often overlooked: Ocean acidification. As pH levels in the ocean fluctuate, there are devastating effects on sensitive marine ecosystems and individual species. Increased acidic conditions can pose threats to habitats, such as coral reefs and sea grasses (Guinotte and Fabry 320). These living habitats rely on calcium carbonate to form strong external structures, yet higher pH levels inhibit the organisms’ ability to successfully absorb the compounds needed for this process. AdditionallyRead MoreOverfishing Essay1099 Words   |  5 Pagesthreats to coral reef health.(WWF) The Coral Reef is a major aspect for marine life to live. Overfishing large marine animals can still affect the ecosystem. Having a large abundance of small marine animals causes, Greater damage to Coral Reefs... Reefs are essential to ocean life, and once they are harmed, it is hard to repair the damage, if at all.(Oceana) Overfishing not only causes damage to the fish but actually causes damage to their habitat because some fish use the reef as a shelterRead More How the Australian Great Barrier Reef Succeeds at Preservation and Sustainable Use and How it Applies to a Worldwide Problem3406 Words   |  14 Pagesthe Australian Great Barrier Reef Succeeds at Preservation and Sustainable Use and How it Applies to a Worldwide Problem Coral bleaching is a somewhat recent phenomenon that has prompted many communities and countries around the world to enact policies and legislation that deal with their dying coral reefs. In early 1998, a mass coral bleaching event took place on the Australian Great Barrier Reef, and broad scale aerial surveys confirmed that most of the inland reefs had experienced at least some Coral Reefs A Study From National Oceanic And... For some, diverse, and colorful reefs add beauty to the ocean and to the fish. Others see coral reefs as peaceful beds on the ocean s floor. Creatures, on the other hand, see a shelter and protection from people or bigger larger that lurk for their prey. Coral reefs aren’t made for their scenery, but as ecosystems for many plants and animals. They do not only help the animals, but serve as important sources of income, food, protection, and new medicines for mankind. Coral reefs are less than one percent of the ocean floor, but support 25% of all marine life, shown by a study from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration on www.noaa.gov. Coral reefs are often referred to as the â€Å"Rainforest’s of the sea† because they have the same purpose as a rainforest as an essential means of shelter and protection to plants and animals, a provider of medicine and jobs for people, a source of tourism for the economy, and a way of preventing shoreline erosion, thus ma king coral reefs essential to the environment. Coral reefs play a major role in helping the environment stay healthy and intact for many more decades to come. The coral reef act as a buffer for the shorelines slowing down the movement of waves, storms, and floods, helping prevent erosion, catastrophic deaths, and property damage. Without the reefs, normal waves could demolish coastal communities and cause injuries and even deaths. A healthy reef removes the necessity for more government spending on artificial barriersShow MoreRelatedCoral Reefs : A Study From National Oceanic And Atmospheric Administration923 Words   |  4 Pagesbeautiful, diverse, colorful reef that adds beauty to the ocean and to the fishes. Others see a peaceful bed for the oceans floor. Creature on the other hand see a shelter, and protection from people or bigger animals that lurk for their pray. Coral reefs aren’t made for its scenery, but as an ecosystem for many plants and animals. They do not only help the animals but serve to people as importan t sources of income, food, protection, and new medicines of mankind. Coral reefs are less than 1 percent ofRead MoreThe Great Coral Reef Of Florida1544 Words   |  7 PagesGreat Coral Reef of Florida. There are many important aspects to look at other than facts about the Great Coral Reef, but also the effects it is facing as well as how it plays a role in the economy, as in terms of bringing in money for the communities. Each topic that I am going to talk about mainly comes from information found by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the Florida Department of Environmental Protection. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration isRead MoreThe Environment Of Marine Life833 Words   |  4 Pagesare living in and around the reefs. Coral reefs hold more number of species per unit area than any other water bodies. Coral reefs hold the highest biodiversity, because the corals provide food and also protect from predators besides providing the shelter for a variety of organisms. [2, 4]. Coral reefs are built by small colonial species called coral polyps, by converting the carbon dioxide absorbed by sea from the environment into limestone. The reef building corals contain an algae called zooxanthellaeRead MoreClimate And Paleoclimatology1665 Words   |  7 PagesPaleoclimatology The Earth has maintained records of its climatic conditions in glaciers and ice caps, sediments from lakes and oceans, within the skeletons of coral reefs, as well as tree rings. The study of these samples is known as paleoclimatology. These environmental recorders can be used by scientists to estimate past conditions. Common findings from paleoclimatologists (those who study environmental evidence to gain insight on what the past climate was like and why) indicate that the Earth’s climateRead MoreThe Threat Against Sea Turtles2634 Words   |  11 Pagesthere are only 7 species of sea turtles in the vast ocean, those numbers don t seem so big after all. Even more so when you say all 7 species are on the endangered list of extinction. One of the biggest threat against sea turtles, and all other oceanic life, is the pollution crisis of plastics, glass, and all other trash. But as long as people dump their trash in the oceans, and it doesn t violate the government’s dumpi ng regulations, then it’s perfectly http://i.imgur.com/foQcVja.jpg legal. WithoutRead MoreClimate Change Persuasive994 Words   |  4 Pagessea ice. Another major climate change affect is Coral Bleaching, which it is caused by the ocean water temperature rising due to climate change. The greenhouse effect is a major cause of climate change. This is because the gases trapped in the atmosphere absorb radiation and send it back to earth making the temperature rise. The authors from â€Å"Climate change: evidence of human causes and arguments for emissions reduction†, state that, â€Å"Certain atmospheric constituents known as greenhouse gases (suchRead MorePalmata Case Study867 Words   |  4 PagesA study by Ritchie, 2006 illustrated how a temperature increase initiates a temporal shift within A.palmata mucus isolates, from beneficial bacteria to dominance by members of the genus Vibrio, suggesting that protective mechanisms employed by this species are lost under warmer conditions. Increased temperatures lowering coral resistance, thus, increasing disease susceptibility is well documented (Bruno, 2007; Muller et al, 2008), as is the rise in ocean heat content (Figure 3). Figure 3: Time seriesRead MoreClimate Change : Ocean Acidification Essay1736 Words   |  7 Pagescrucial problem that is often overlooked: Ocean acidification. As pH levels in the ocean fluctuate, there are devastating effects on sensitive marine ecosystems and individual species. Increased acidic conditions can pose threats to habitats, such as coral reefs and sea grasses (Guinotte and Fabry 320). These living habitats rely on calcium carbonate to form strong external structures, yet higher pH levels inhibit the organisms’ ability to successfully absorb the compounds needed for this process. AdditionallyRead MoreOverfishing Essay1099 Words   |  5 Pagesthreats to coral reef health.(WWF) The Coral Reef is a major aspect for marine life to live. Overfishing large marine animals can still affect the ecosystem. Having a large abundance of small marine animals causes, Greater damage to Coral Reefs... Reefs are essential to ocean life, and once they are harmed, it is hard to repair the damage, if at all.(Oceana) Overfishing not only causes damage to the fish but actually causes damage to their habitat because some fish use the reef as a shelterRead More How the Australian Great Barrier Reef Succeeds at Preservation and Sustainable Use and How it Applies to a Worldwide Problem3406 Words   |  14 Pagesthe Australian Great Barrier Reef Succeeds at Preservation and Sustainable Use and How it Applies to a Worldwide Problem Coral bleaching is a somewhat recent phenomenon that has prompted many communities and countries around the world to enact policies and legislation that deal with their dying coral reefs. In early 1998, a mass coral bleaching event took place on the Australian Great Barrier Reef, and broad scale aerial surveys confirmed that most of the inland reefs had experienced at least some

Leadership Essay - 1136 Words

Leadership I feel that the most important leadership trait in your business life is forming good relationships. You must form a good relationship with people in order to become a leader. If you build on a broken relationship then you will not gain that persons trust and they will not want to follow you. If you build a good relationship with someone then trust, respect, credibility and many other traits will also be part of your leadership style. A leader must be some one that can be trusted and respected. If you do not have these traits then no one will want to follow you. You must command respect and that way people will see what you are doing as a good cause and want to follow you. You must also be caring. You must show†¦show more content†¦He must also make choices sometimes that will hurt an individual but will be better for the group. This is part of being a leader even though it is not one of the fun parts. The leaders most important task is to make the best decision for his people. He must take all of the outlying circumstances and process them and come up with what he thinks is the best idea. He must also realize that some of the times he is going to be wrong and have to face the consequences of his decision. A good leader will know how to handle this and to move on. Everyone will make mistakes it all depends on what you do with the knowledge you gained from your mistake that will make you into a go od leader. The core values that my model stresses is that a leader must be caring and trustworthy. If he does not care about his people then they will not care about him or the goals that he wants to accomplish. Your workers have to believe that you care about them and their interests in order to feel a sense of loyalty to you. If they feel that you are there for them then they will want to be there for you and help you out. This is the type of people that you want underneath you in order to help you out. You must also be able to be trusted. If your people can trust you then they will be willing to put a lot more into their work and be willing to take a lot more risks for you. If they feel that they can trust you and that you will not throw blame atShow MoreRelatedThe Leadership Of Leadership And Leadership842 Words   |  4 Pagesideals of leadership, I met with two respected and admired school leaders: the Assistant Principal/Dean of Curriculum, and the Athletic Director. I chose these two school leaders because I wanted to gain an understanding of leadership from two diverse perspectives. I am thankful for the opportunity to hear from two different types of leaders, who ultimately share a lot of the same visions for my school and for leadership in general. While both subjects shared a similar definition of leadership, theirRead MoreLeadership And Leadership Of Leadership1711 Words   |  7 Pages7. Facilitative Leadership Facilitative leadership is dependent on quantities and outcomes – not a skill, though it takes much skill to master. The efficiency of a group is directly related to the effectiveness of its process. If the group is high operational, the facilitative leader uses a light hand on the procedure. 8. Laissez-faire Leadership Laissez-faire leadership gives expert to workers. According to AZ central, sections or subordinates are acceptable to work as they choose with nominal.Read MoreLeadership : Leadership And Leadership1605 Words   |  7 PagesLeadership Examined There have been many great leaders down through history. Leaders that have influenced change throughout many aspects of society. Great leaders have great influence. The effectiveness of a leader is determined by his leadership style. With so many styles to choose from, and the fact that not one style fits all situations, becoming an effective leader is a challenging task. One reflective note is that it is important to cultivate good leadership skills. One must evaluate personalRead MoreLeadership : Leadership And Leadership1225 Words   |  5 Pages with their team. Leadership is â€Å"the behavior of an individual . . . directing the activities of a group toward a shared goal† (Hemphill Coons, (1957). p. 7). †¢ Leadership is â€Å"the influential increment over and above mechanical compliance with the routine directives of the organization† (Katz Kahn, (1978). p. 528). †¢ Leadership is â€Å"the process of influencing the activities of an organized group toward goal achievement† (Rauch Behling, (1984). p. 46). †¢ â€Å"Leadership is about articulatingRead MoreLeadership : Leadership And Leadership1476 Words   |  6 PagesLeadership Effectiveness There are many different approaches to leadership, which can be dependent upon the task at hand. Some leaders are authoritative, making all the decisions for group members and allowing no space for error or input. There are those who may opt to take the President Obama approach with a more democratic leadership role, inviting the ideas of others and encouraging open communication and staff participation. Then there are the servant leaders whom are largely respected and followedRead MoreLeadership And Leadership Theory Of Leadership1341 Words   |  6 PagesLeadership Application Jesus Cabral Brandman University The author of this paper has been in various leadership positions for over 20 years. Some positions held by the author have been team leader, Operations Manager, General Manager, and Director of Operations. The author has lead teams with various degrees of education and from many cultures. The leadership theories studied during OLCU 400 will assist this leader though experienced to become much more effective and focus on thoseRead MoreLeadership, Leadership And Leadership Development915 Words   |  4 Pagestake a leadership role in any activity. They are more valued by followers and have higher performing teams. (Cherry 2014) However, leaders are the ones that use their leadership skills to make a difference in this world, such as presidents, teachers, or even college graduates. Leadership is not something you can learn from a book, but you have to gain this skill through experiences such as holding an office, organizing an event, speaking in front of people, or participating in a leadership programRead MoreLeadership Theories Of Leadership And Leadership Essay771 Words   |  4 PagesLeadership is important because it helps followers reach a common goal. There have been several studies based on effective leadership. The definition of leadership has evolved over the years adapting to the different views of the world. Leaders have influence on their followers they are looked up to. Being a leader means there will be interaction with different behaviors and personalities. Effective leaders sometimes have to adjust their style approach by the situation they are in. Every followersRead MoreTransformational Leadership : Leadership And Leadership887 Words   |  4 PagesThe idea of leadership has transformed throughout the years to encompass varying aspects of leadership approaches, leadership types and the like. According to Summerfield (2014), C. F. Rauch and O. Behling, quote leadership as: Leadership is the process of influencing the activities of an organized group toward goal achievement. Given its broad definition, leadership is understood to have different meanings when applied to diverse situations. For example, there are different types of approaches toRead MoreOrganizational Leadership : Leadership And Leadership1568 Words   |  7 PagesConceptualizing Leadership Leadership is different in the eyes of each and every individual. What one person considers great leadership may be viewed by another as too demanding. Ultimately, time, place, situation, and people involved are considered some of the view variables for which type of leadership will be most effective. Through taking the Gallup Strengths Finder survey, I have been able to cement some of my top strengths and see how they come into play in my daily life. Learning about strengths

Good Bullying Essay free essay sample

Sadly, bullying has become a harsh reality in todays modern world. In the age of technology and the Internet where anything can be said In a flash without regards to anothers feelings, bullying has become a big problem both online and off-line. In response to this Issue, many schools and unlettered are more aware of the Issue of bullying and have enforced strict anta-bullying rules. Given that this Is such a hot topic, It Is possible that you will have to write an essay on bullying at one point or another. A good bullying essay should start off by defining the act of bullying itself.One manner in which bullying can be defined is as follows: the act of purposely harming or threatening to harm another person through physical or emotion abuse. Bullying can occur at any location and at any age. Unlike the past, where the perceived notion of bullying was restricted to the playground, people realize that bullying can occur almost anywhere. We will write a custom essay sample on Good Bullying Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It can take place at work, home, school or online. When writing a bullying essay, you can define the types of abuse that occur when the act of bullying Is carried out.For Instance, some common acts that qualify as bullying Include: -false gossip -name calling -physical abuse -verbal abuse -emotional abuse -threats if the victim does not do what is being asked While a great bullying essay will cover the issue of bullying in a traditional sense, it also needs to cover the ever growing area of cyber-bullying. We live in the age of Faceable and Twitter where everything Is public and nothing is off-limits. In recent years, there has been In Increase In school shootings and suicides that can all be traced back to cyber bullying. Cyber bullying can be defined as bullying that occurs over the internet through email, a social media site, etc. This type of bullying is increasing mostly due to the fact that there is a certain amount of anonymity that is involved in working on the internet. Strangers can say anything to one another without fear of physical confrontation. While this type of bullying is increasing how we can prevent it is not. If you are required to write a bullying essay, a good point to include would be how internet behavior can be better modified so that bullying can e prevented or somewhat reduced.A bullying essay also needs to cover how schools and governments are reacting to this threat. In recent years, the number of school shootings resulting from bullying has Increased substantially thus prompting schools to enforce strict anta-bullying policies and regulations.

Principles of Australian Business Law

Questions: 1. Demonstrate a working knowledge and understanding of the principles of Australian business law within the context of the prescribed readings. 2. Identify and analyse relevant facts, problems and legal issues from a given scenario and develop anargument in response, discussing available options in the context of business law. Answers: (1). In the present commercial industry where rules and regulations are set for every conduct and activities and laws that severally punish the offender of these rules and regulations makes compliance a necessity. Thus for every business or a corporation to be successful and law abiding, complying with the statutory business laws set by the government is a vital responsibility. The term compliance is referred as abiding and following a rule or a law including policies, standards and specifications. Thus, compliance states that the objective of a corporation should include continuous efforts and reasonable step to comply with relevant and statutory laws, rules and regulations. Thus, the first rule of compliance is to identify the laws and rules which are relevant to the concerned individuals business or a corporation. It is an obvious fact that there can be no compliance unless one is aware of what to comply with. Thus, not all business laws apply to every industrial sector, thus identifyi ng the laws that relate to ones business is the primary objective of compliance (Vom Brocke and Rosemann 2010). Once the statutory laws are identified, the classification of business and legal risk becomes easier. It is evident that there is no business or corporation in the world which is risk free or guarantees zero risk. Thus, classification of legal or potential risks which a business or a corporation can face will be very beneficial in preparing future compliance plan. Thus, having a pre-planned strategy along with a well drafted compliance plan can help a business or a corporation to achieve success which is unhindered by legal risk or non-compliance penalties and punishments. However, only formation of a compliance strategy and plan is not enough if the same is not implemented properly and responsibly. No compliance plan can be executed all by itself; it requires the participation of employees, manager, etc (Governatori and Rotolo 2010). Thus, it is the duty of the top management to regularly check and monitor the execution of compliance plan in any business or corporation. Along with m onitoring, regular training of employees making them aware of the changes and amendments which are brought about it compliance rules and laws or internal compliance policies of a company is very important. Additionally, hiring efficient and educated staff that have complete knowledge and know about of compliance laws can be very beneficial to a company. Thus, compliance in the present times is become very vital as the punishment and penalties for non-compliance are very high including attracting criminal liabilities on the top management of a company (Latimer 2012). In Australia, compliance to statutory laws is mandatory and non-compliance attracts huge penalties. The basic laws which any individual or company working in Australia has to comply it with are Property laws, Sale of Goods laws, Consumer Protection laws and Intellectual property laws. In the present case, I run a seafood restaurant with in family in the city of Sydney. The property in which I run my seafood restaurant is held by my family as a freehold property. The Property Law Act 1969 states the rules, regulations and different schemes under which a property can be held in Australia. Under the said law, the property in Australia can be divided into important parts which are real property and personal property. Real property is owned in the form of land whereas personal property is owned in form of chattels. Thus, under the property laws in Australia, property is referred more as a legal rights or possession rights. The land in which I run my restaurant is under complete ownership of my family which we own as fee simple giving us the authority and the legal right to determine how to deal with the said property including the rights to sell, lease, rent, transfer, gift or eliminate the property. Additionally, I own the said property in which I run my family business in common tenancy with my family. Under the Australian Property laws, tenancy in common allows two or more individuals to own a property in common however, there is no right of survivorship in tenancy in common and the owner of the property can gift his share to his heir in his will (Seethamraju 2012). Every food industry business in Australia has to comply with the consumer protection laws. On 1 January 2011, all the individual and state consumer protection laws were brought together to form a single statute which applied to the whole of Australia and was called Australian Consumer Laws. According to the said Act, any individual who purchases goods or services costing $40,000 or less if purchased for domestic use is termed as a consumer. Thus, the said act makes strict laws to protect the interest of the consumers in Australia and section 29(1)(a)(b) of the Australian Consumer Laws state that any goods and services that are availed from a company or service provided is required to be of acceptable quality. Additionally section 54 of the Consumer Protection laws state that as soon as a product is purchased by a customer, he is granted an automatic guarantee that the goods purchased are of accepted quality. Thus, in my sea food restaurant I ensure my best to comply with the consumer laws in Australia by providing hygienic, safe and acceptable quality of food and beverages (Elgammal et al 2012). Lastly, I have recently decided along with my family to name my sea food restaurant as the Great Catch. As I want to pretend other seafood restaurants in the vicinity and in Sydney from having similar name or copying my name, I intend to register my restaurants name along with its logo as the trademark in Australia. Intellectual property is the guarantee of exclusive right to use any intangible property which is a result of an individuals creativity, intellect and efforts of the mind. Thus, under the intellectual property rights in Australia, trademarks are signs, names, design or symbols that identify a product or a service to belong from a particular source. For example, the red M recognises McDonalds and the correct sign recognize the brand Nike. Similarly, I intend to register the name of my restaurant Great Catch as a trademark in Australia (Bently and Sherman 2014). Thus, in the said case, every business in Australia requires to comply with property laws, consumer laws and intellectual property laws in Australia. Non-compliance of these laws can have extreme consequences which can even lead to criminal charges against the top management of the companys directors, etc along with huge penalties. Thus, every business in Australia should comply with statutory laws to be successful and maintain its profits which can be lowered by paying heavy non-compliance penalties (Lyster et al 2012). (2). A married couple named Manny and Bella run a pizza business called perfect Domino Pizza since 2008 in Australia. They intended to buy a heavy duty oven which could cook at least 30 pizzas every hour for 16 continuous hours every day. Thus, Manny and Bella visit the Tuscan Ovens Pty. Ltd where the manager informs them at Tuscan XX commercial oven will fulfill their requirements. Thus, the said oven was purchased for $15,000. While Manny and Bella were waiting for their new oven, they advertised the new oven calling it MB Oven; however they used a separate name for the same and not the registered named which was Tuscan XX. However, the new oven was installed, Manny and Bella realized that it only cooked 12 pizzas per hour and is unreliable. Thus, due to the new oven not satisfaction the requirements of Manny and Bella, they suffered financial loss in pizza business due to inefficiency of the new pizza oven purchased by Tuscan Oven Pty Ltd. Thus, the issue in the said case is whether Tu scan Ovens Pty. Ltd would be liable under the Consumer Protection Laws in Australia for wrongfully selling a pizza oven to customers and the penalties attached to the conduct of Tuscan Ovens Pty. Ltd. In Australia, the consumer protection laws are very strict and in the recent times all the individual and state consumer legislations and laws were combined together to form one single consumer protection statute which protects the interest of all the consumers in Australia uniformly. Thus, on 1 January 2011, the Australian Consumers Laws Act was formed which states all the rights, obligation and responsibilities of customers and service providers all across Australia (Rigsby 2014). Under the Australian Consumer Act, a consumer is defined to mean any individual who purchases a product or a service of $40,000 or less if the same is for domestic use. Additionally, the consumer protection act in Australia states many rights which are guaranteed to the customers and states many restrictions on the manufacturers, sellers and distributors of goods and services in Australia. Section 18 incorporated in Schedule 2 of the Competition and Consumer Act 2010 discusses misleading and deceptive con duct of a seller, retailer or a service provider. The said section prohibits a seller from selling goods and services by wrongful representation of the same which would induce a consumer to purchase the same relying on the sellers misrepresentation. It is the obligation of a seller to not conceal material facts about a product which a consumer is intending to buy especially when disclose of the said material fact could prevent the consumer from buying the product (Pigram 2013). In Butcher v Lachlan Elder Realty Pty Ltd (2004) 218 CLR 592, [112] the plaintiff intended to purchase a property for commercial use through a real estate agent who was the defendant in the said case (Howells, Ramsay and Wilhelmsson 2010). The defendant handed the plaintiff with a brochure regarding the details of the property. This brochure however contained wrongful, false and misleading information about the property and the ability of renovation within the said property. However, the brochure also had a disclaimer that the defendant is not totally aware about the facts in the said brochure. Thus, in the said case, the Court decided in favor of defendant only because the brochure had a disclaimer that the defendant is not aware of the accuracy of the information stated in the brochure (Svantesson and Clarke 2010). Additionally, the consumer protection laws in Australia restrict misleading and wrongful advertisement. Section 18 of the Australian Consumer Protection prohibits a seller, retailer or a service provider from advertising which is misleading, false and deceptive in nature. Therefore, in the said case, the conduct of Tuscan Oven Pty Ltd was misleading and deceptive as they stated to many and Bella who were customers that their pizza oven would fulfil their requirement of cooking 30 pizzas every hour for 16 continuous hours every day, however in reality it only cooked 12 pizzas per hour. Thus, the conduct of Tuscan Oven Pty Ltd was misleading and deceptive violating the section 18 of the Competition and Consumer Act 2010. Thus, as the manger of the Tuscan Oven Pty Ltd represented their product to deliver performance which it failed to deliver in reality, the conduct attracted violating of section 18 of the Australian Consumer Laws (Svantesson and Clarke 2010). However, while waiting for the new oven, Manny and Bella without being aware of the performance of the oven, entirely relying on the representation of the manager of Tuscan Oven Pty Ltd advertised the new pizza oven purchased by them under a wrong registered name, thus Manny and Bella were equally responsible of misleading and deceptive conduct for advertising wrongful information to the customers violating the section 18 of the Australian Consumer Laws (Stewart, Griffith and Bannister 2010). Thus, the manager of Tuscan Oven Pty Ltd along with the company has violated section 18 of the Competition and Consumer Act 2010 and will be liable to bear the penalties for the same. However, the deceptive and misleading representation of the oven by Manny and Bella who used a different name to represent the oven of Tuscan Oven Pty Ltd is equally misleading and deceptive advertisement and can be used as a defense by the Tuscan Oven Pty Ltd to minimize or reduce their penalty amount which the Court will order them to pay (Nottage 2013). Reference List Bently, L. and Sherman, B., 2014.Intellectual property law. Oxford University Press, USA. Elgammal, A., Turetken, O. and Van den Heuvel, W.J., 2012. Using patterns for the analysis and resolution of compliance violations.International Journal of Cooperative Information Systems,21(01), pp.31-54. Governatori, G. and Rotolo, A., 2010, January. A conceptually rich model of business process compliance. InProceedings of the Seventh Asia-Pacific Conference on Conceptual Modelling-Volume 110(pp. 3-12). Australian Computer Society, Inc.. Howells, G.G., Ramsay, I. and Wilhelmsson, T. eds., 2010.Handbook of research on international consumer law. Edward Elgar Publishing. Latimer, P., 2012.Australian Business Law 2012. CCH Australia Limited. Lyster, R., Lipman, Z., Franklin, N., Wiffen, G. and Pearson, L., 2012. Environmental and planning law in New South Wales. Nottage, L., 2013. Consumer law reform in Australia: Contemporary and comparative constructive criticism.Queensland U. Tech. L. Just. J.,9, p.111. Pigram, J.J., 2013. Property rights and water markets in Australia: An evolutionary process toward institutional reform.Water Resources Research,29(4), pp.1313-1319. Rigsby, B., 2014. A survey of property theory and tenure types. Seethamraju, R., 2012. Business process management: a missing link in business education.Business Process Management Journal,18(3), pp.532-547. Stewart, A., Griffith, P. and Bannister, J., 2010.Intellectual property in Australia. LexisNexis Butterworths. Svantesson, D. and Clarke, R., 2010. A best practice model for e-consumer protection.Computer Law Security Review,26(1), pp.31-37. Svantesson, D. and Clarke, R., 2010. Privacy and consumer risks in cloud computing.Computer Law Security Review,26(4), pp.391-397. Vom Brocke, J. and Rosemann, M., 2010.Handbook on business process management. Heidelberg: Springer.

Recruitment and Selection Strategies for Law Enforcement free essay sample

Focus paper Chicago, Illinois October 16, 2012 Table of Contents Chapter l. Abstract Implementation Abstract Page 4 Ill. .. . 15 VI. 17 Introduction Research 12 V. Conclusion References This paper will examine the issues of recruitment and selection that plague many police departments around the country. It seems that when the initial entry exams are offered to the public, the problem arises in the quantity and quality of the applicants that arrive to take them.The reader will have an understanding of the seasons that may be responsible. This paper will examine what some police departments, as well as businesses in the private sector, have done to correct the problem of recruitment and selection. After an exploration of various methods, provided will be educated suggestions in improving the recruitment and selection practices of law enforcement agencies. This paper will thoroughly discuss specific approaches and their objectives. Techniques to inspire management and subordinates with recommendations will also be discussed. We will write a custom essay sample on Recruitment and Selection Strategies for Law Enforcement or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Understandably, these suggestions will come at a cost, however, this paper will describe how these cost may e counter balanced. The reader will be provided with the methods used in evaluating the strategies effectiveness. With any well-ran business or organization, recruitment and selection is pivotal in maintaining its success. However, staffing is no easy task, and this also holds true when it comes to law enforcement agencies. It is not merely sufficient to hire an adequate amount of individuals; it is necessary to hire the right ones that are capable of handling such a demanding Job.Police departments face many obstacles while recruiting and selecting their officers that are going to man their streets. While some struggle with these hurdles, other departments have taken to replenishing with ease. The public sector does not stand alone with hiring issues as private businesses have faced similar challenges. Many strategies may be utilized in the ever-lasting endeavor of recruiting and selecting. Selling these approaches can go a long way in seeing them implemented in ones agency as well as taking into consideration cost factors.Also, one must be prepared to provide a system of evaluation for any presented proposition. Research Filling openings became more difficult as they seem to have currently increased. The U. S Department of Justice [JUDOS] (2009) suggests that vacancies in police departments have risen and give the following explanation for its findings: In recent years, several factors have created an unusually high number of vacancies in police departments, according to anecdotal evidence from the field. Police officers called to active duty with military reserve units and the National Guard left their posts to serve in Iraq and Afghanistan.Some veteran police officers, lured away by higher pay, separated from public service to pursue security work at big corporations or to take Alice trainer positions with contractors overseas. Officers from state and local agencies accepted positions with federal agencies that were ramping up to fight terrorism. Baby boomer officers who Joined the police force in the sass and sass began retiring in high numbers. The general view among police leaders is that recruitment has not kept pace with the changes. (p. ) Therefore, recruiters for several law enforcement agencies already find themselves in an up-hill battle. Not only do they have to deal with the increased amount of vacancies; more importantly, hey must meticulously fill these positions with the right individuals for the Job. Applicants should have an accurate understanding of what they are signing up for. When applying for occupations in the private sector, most people have an idea of what the Job entails. However, the actual details of what a profession in the law enforcement field encompasses may be deceiving. Many of the major cities police departments utilize on their Job hiring website an approach that either emphasizes or exclusively promotes the basic needs of money and benefits, and the appeal of the excitement of a police career Monsoons, 2006, Para. 2). However, compared to many jobs in the private sector, a career in law enforcement simply does not stack up very well against them in terms of salary. As for the excitement aspect, according to Johnson (2006), many who take on the profession of law enforcement officer become deceived by the lackluster nature of police work and discouraged by unwarranted civilian complaints.Not only do most recruiters fail to portray an accurate account of police work, they fail to hire a staff that reflects its community. Police leaders are ally committing an injustice to their departments by not focusing on diversity when it comes to recruiting. White and Cobra (2008) found that there has been supported research that lack of diversity in a departmen t is likely to cause negative community relations and an increase in police misconduct. However, these are not the only areas where not committing to the diversification of an agency can be detrimental.An essential recruitment tool may go neutralized as the underestimations of minority police officers in some departments creates a shortage of role models (JUDOS, 2009, p. 5). Not only should the pool of applicants be multiracial, but vast as well; because there are other organizations selecting from it. The private security industry seems to be growing in strength and numbers. As this takes place, private security firms also have an advantage in recruiting over law enforcement agencies because they usually hire officers as young as 18 years old.They are allowed to do so since these officers do not possess the authority to arrest or carry a firearm (JUDOS, 2009). Just as the private security industries, the armed forces select out of the same labor pool as police departments. The competition that law enforcement agencies receive from the military in recruiting efforts is fierce. Like private security firms, the military can hire officers as young as 18 years old. In the past, the population that was discharged from the military often pursued a career in law enforcement due to similarities in the nature of both professions.However, it is not certain how an all-volunteer military affects police recruitment (JUDOS, 2009). What is certain, the long and burdensome employment process that one must endure in getting hired is working against police recruitment. Usually, after the initial interview for most Jobs in the private sector, the applicant knows shortly after whether employment was obtained or not. This greatly differs from the hiring process for law enforcement agencies as they tend to be drawn out and contain many steps.According to JUDOS (2009), many departments lack the flexibility to expedite the testing process as applicants often have repeat visits to participate in the selection stages. A highly desirable applicant may be lost to another employer that is able to test and assess the candidate and make a firm Job offer in less time (JUDOS, 2009, p. 6). Many obstacles stand in the way of police departments who are determined to implement a successful recruitment and selection program. Therefore, strategies must be utilized with the utmost thoughtfulness.Engaging the exact community in which the department serves can go a long way in a successful recruiting effort. Logically, this will assist in making a department a reflection of its neighborhood. The JUDOS (2009) presented the following examples of two different police departments effectively engaging its community in obtaining members to select from: The city of Hartford, Connecticut, experimented with community management as a means to improve police recruitment of minority officers.Citizen focus groups helped police identify a primary barrier to recruitment, namely, the lengthy period between an applicants expression of initial interest and the offer of a job. In the mid-sass, Lexington, Kentucky, lost some community support in the wake of an officer-involved shooting, two lethal-force incidents, and a charge of biased traffic enforcement. The chief of police supported a move to overhaul the police recruitment, selection, and training program and enlisted the help of a citizen minority recruitment committee. (p. ) The two departments showed that there is an advantage in involving the comm unity in its recruitment and selection process. The need of community support in lowering the obstacles of diversification was displayed in both efforts. In terms of police recruiting, there is also a need to paint an accurate picture of what the Job actually offers. Not too many professions can truly offer the opportunity for one to directly make a difference in ones neighborhood. Law enforcement officers have the potential to create a positive impact on their respective communities.Johnson (2006) recognizes that law enforcement is an honorable profession and that the idea of making a difference should be front and center as a recruitment tool. There can be an exhilarating sense of self-fulfillment in helping others in the community. What a department is offering candidates is an opportunity to make a difference by doing good, easing pain and suffering, saving lives, bringing a calm presence to stressful situations, and helping and serving those in need Monsoons, 2006, Para. 7). An effective method in conveying such an opportunity to aspiring individuals is via the internet.With many people utilizing the internet in search of employment, it makes sense for police departments to have a presence on the web. According to Bins (2010), every law enforcement agency should be prevalent on the internet; an agencys website was described as the most effective strategy for recruitment. Departments can use their websites to market their agency to potential candidates. In turn, candidates may gather information concerning a departments mission, hiring standards, community presence, and possible career tracks.Posting departmental information along with applications on the internet makes it easier to circuit officers from other regions of the country (Bins, 2010, Para. 3). There are several other outlets recruiters can use to share information through. People have their own source of preference in receiving their news. Therefore, it is essential that police recruiters utilize every outlet available in their recruiting effort. JUDOS (2009) suggest involving the news media to increase awareness of recruitment issues and how they affect the department and community.Also suggested was the use of public-access television channels which provide an opportunity to sound off before a community about issues that require community action. Finally, using talk radio may be effective in conveying an agencys message to the entire community or drill down to a specific segment or niche of the population (JUDOS, 2009, p. 12). Furthermore, of those in the community, the youth might be the most important to reach out to. It is no surprise that many children aspire to be firefighters and police officers when they grow up. However, as they get older, some may still want to fight fires as many lose interest in policing.This phenomenon is especially prevalent in high-crime areas where police presence is high and interactions are not always positive. Many young people lose their faith in the police, and it will greatly benefit the police and the community to change that around. Changing the youths perspective of the police will assist in making the future generation understand the significance of the police and fortify a future wave of officers (JUDOS, 2009). Connecting with the youth and others in the community would be made easier if it was an entire group effort.A total- organizational approach to correcting an issue is likely to be very productive. According to Bins (2010), the culture of a department must consist of everyone avian a sense of responsibility when it comes to recruitment. This includes patrol men up to the top of the chain-of-command; since they all possess the opportunity to recruit new candidates. Each member should be aware of the departments recruitment and selection process and be given information on the agency benefits, starting salary, and any testing requirements (Bins, 2010, Para. 11).Once applicants are found, streamlining the recruitment and selection process may prove to be beneficial. It may be discouraging for applicants who are in a state of uncertainty for a long period of time regarding their offer of employment. JUDOS (2009) states that the most effective recruitment and selection processes are those that are completed quickly and allow a candidate to move swiftly from application to employment decision points (p. 9). Agencies that have adopted this philosophy have condensed their recruitment and selection process to a few days from first assessment to conditional offer of employment.The important selection standards should be greatly monitored to ensure applicants meet them. Departments must reconsider the relevance of disqualifying factors, such as credit scores, to assess their necessity in selecting officers (JUDOS, 2009). As different strategies of recruiting and selecting are proposed for the law enforcement agencies, the public sector has developed some of its own. Filling vacancies with quality people is also an objective shared with private businesses throughout the country.Therefore, individuals have devised plans to accomplish this goal with the aspiration of seeing businesses prosper. Male (2010) suggests using a method of self-selection in weeding out applicants who halfheartedly applied for open positions. This involves adding another step, such as an open group event, to the hiring process in between resume- submission and the initial interview. Self-selection will demonstrate which applicants are serious about the position by their mere presence at the event (Male, 2010). Furthermore, the group interaction reveals much more about potential candidates.While in a group, people often display distinct characteristics about themselves. As applicants interact amongst themselves in a group setting, it presents an excellent way to see their character, level of interest, working knowledge, and communication skills (Male, 2010, Para. 8). With this opportunity, recruiters would logically be at an advantage by being more prepared for the one-on-one interview. Searching for a persons attributes without focusing on industry experience is also beneficial. Certain features about people cannot be taught such as being hard-working and passionate.Therefore, recruiters should go out and interact with workers from unrelated industries and offer interviews to those who really stood out (Male, 2010, Para. 17). By doing so, recruiters can select those who meet the characteristic criteria wanted and teach them industry knowledge at a future time (Male, 2010). Current employees can also assist in finding potential candidates, and relieve some of the workload from cruisers. A monetary incentive usually works flawlessly in getting individuals to accomplish certain tasks.For this reason, Male (2010) suggests referrals as an excellent source for great applicants and offering rewards to employees for successful recommendations. A byproduct of an incentive program is referrers possibly mentoring their referrals throughout the hiring process (Male, 2010). Utilizing the various strategies that have been proposed, as a guide, one can develop a specific plan in improving recruitment and selection in a law enforcement agency. It is widely accepted, the notion of having a department being a reflection of its community. That is why it is vital to use patrolmen as part-time recruiters since they spend most of their time in the community. Departments must take time to educate their officers about basic information such as qualifying requirements, starting pay, and benefit packages. Providing squad cars with brochures containing the same information would allow officers to hand them out to citizens during down time. Also, placing a slogan like Join us on squad cars gives community members a welcoming feeling to apply. Another act of embracement would be to actively seek people via the internet.Presence on the internet has already been established as a priority in improving recruitment. In addition to the departments website, agencies must take advantage of the recent craze of social networking. Backbone and Twitter allow agencies to search specific demographics and create a two-way avenue for departments and curious individuals. Agencies can post announcements via these networks and accept and answer questions that people might have. This would establish an early relationship with the department and potential candidates.Constituting and maintaining relationships with young people can go a long way in recruiting as well. As mentioned before, embracing the next generation of police officers would increase the selection pool in the future with desirable people. It is imperative that agencies proactively seek out children within its community and get them on the right track in becoming future officers. Departments must send liaison officers into community elementary and high schools. When at these schools, they must target only the students that are succeeding academically and behaviorally.This will avoid distractions from students that are not yet ready to receive information about career paths and wouldnt present them with an opportunity to ridicule the students that are. Principals and teachers may offer field trips to police stations as an incentive to those students on the honor roll. Minimizing discouragement of the youth would strengthen their rapport with law enforcement. Eradicating the discouragement cause by the lengthy hiring process is also essential. It is no secret that many companies employ applicants much faster than most law enforcement agencies do.Therefore, in order to compete with the private sector, police departments must take a page out of their book. Hiring weekends must be announced using different outlets such as television, radio, and internet. Condensing the process to a few days would keep applicants interested in the position and disallow competitors from hiring them. The first day would begin with background checks which will quickly remove those from contention who do not meet the standard. This can be followed by a drug test and physical agility tests.For those who successfully pass these steps, the next day would include medical and psychological jesting. At this time, both the department and the applicant would have a good idea of whether or not employment is on the horizon. To spread the message of these hiring weekends, departments can utilize its own troops. Two different experts agreed; current employees make great recruiters. As previously stated, agencies must tap in to this resource and supply officers with the information necessary to equip them while in the community.In addition, they must also offer incentives to their officers for recommending an individual who eventually gets employed. One incentive may be a generous bonus that includes extra money. Another incentive may be a considerable amount of time-off hours in which the officer can use when needed. With these rewards available, most officers would make a valiant effort in finding applicants that they believe have the potential to be great officers. Implementing new strategies to better recruiting and selecting can establish the foundation of a successful department. However, their effectiveness might be hindered if department members do not buy into the strategies. Marketing innovative programs to members of the agency, from top to bottom, can really increase the chance of the programs being successful. All members must be made aware of the importance of bettering recruitment and selection. Improvement means better morale amongst colleagues, since hiring the right people who Joined for the right reasons, creates a sense of cohesiveness. Everyone would work together with the same mission. This message can be conveyed to officers via streaming videos played during roll call.The supervisor staff needs to understand that these strategies can rectify the relationship between the department and the community, making their Jobs easier. Although, one concern they might have is the monetary cost of implementing new programs. Putting management at ease concerning the financial aspect is extremely important. It is obvious that putting these recruitment strategies into motion will cost a considerable amount of money; especially for advertisement and manpower. However, agencies must realize that the cost would be eventually recuperated.The most prominent way is through a decrease in civil litigations from citizens. A more qualified and diverse department translates to a more established rapport with the community as well as reducing the likelihood of police misconduct. Also, agencies would not waste money in having to hire placement officers due to poor retention, because the new strategies would ensure the employment of officers who are more suitable for the Job. Displaying how the new strategies would be evaluated after implementation instills confidence in the probability of their successfulness.Evaluating how well recruitment and selection strategies have worked would take a few strategies in itself. A good barometer would be to observe the number of complaints on officers that were classified as sustained since the implementation of the new strategies. A decrease in the amount would indicate that the newly hired officers are more prepared in dealing with the community. In addition, an increase in the retention rate since the employment of the strategies illustrates their prosperity. Recruitment leaders may also want to conduct survey questionnaires of both officers and citizens.Questions concerning their opinion of the departments morale level since the beginning of the new recruitment strategies can provide an accurate portrayal by officers. Citizens may be asked to rate experiences with officers during noncommercial interactions such as traffic accidents and missing person reports. Surely, a good recruitment and selection strategy would withstand any of these evaluation methods. Conclusion Positive changes in a department would not be a product of remaining stagnant in the way an agency looks for and hires its officers.The initiative must be taken in developing strategies in spite of all the obstacles that hinder current recruitment and selection processes. Many plans have been cultivated by other law enforcement agencies as well as individuals from the private sector. Using these plans, one can develop a specific process geared towards improving ones respective department; hill taking into consideration marketing plans, cost measures, and evaluation procedures. Bins, J. (2010, December 16). Recruiting the 21st century police officer.

Role Model Nelson Mandela

Role Model Nelson Mandela Introduction Nelson Mandela was born in 1918 at Qunu. Mandela is widely known for his charismatic leadership skills. His political career ambitions started while at university when he realized the unjust nature in which the African society was. The blacks were denied the due chances both economically and politically. This disappointed Nelson Mandela which triggered his ambitions to join politics to fight for his people.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Role Model: Nelson Mandela specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Discussion Thesis Statement Throughout his leadership period, Nelson Mandela demonstrated excellent leadership skills which went beyond the political role. He committed his whole life fighting for the rights of the South Africans who suffered from discrimination. As a political activist, Nelson Mandela fought for his people which led him to be a political prisoner. Nelson Mandela struggled until he became the f irst black president of South Africa. These achievements by Nelson Mandela make him qualify to be one of the greatest men who have ever lived in history. Fight against Apartheid (Discrimination) Mandela’s early days in politics coincided with very high levels of apartheid in South Africa. Mandela was very disappointed by the system since it was characterized by high levels of discrimination (Glad Blanton, 1997). Apartheid was the main vice in South Africa which incited Mandela to engage in endless struggles. Mandela has been imprisoned for about thirty years for opposing apartheid system in South Africa (Ryan, 2011). During the apartheid system, the whites oppressed the blacks through their discriminative policies. In 1944, Nelson Mandela became an active leader of the American National Congress (ANC). This was just his first move to fight for the people’s freedom. South Africa’s apartheid system was one of the worst racism and discrimination scenarios that hav e ever taken place in the world. However, Mandela managed to oppose the system courageously and persistently despite of the threats by the white leaders (Lieberfeld, 2003). Therefore, Mandela has shown excellent and selfless leadership which cannot be found in many leaders. Most leaders are driven by their own benefits but Mandela was determined to undergo any torture for the sake of his people. Through the African National Congress party, Mandela was determined to undergo any form of suffering for the sake of the South Africans blacks who were facing a lot of suffering at the hand of apartheid. Political Activist (African National Congress) In most cases, many political parties in Africa which fought for the rights of the blacks were characterized by violent activities. Therefore, it was expected that Mandela’s political party (ANC) would be even more violent bearing in the mind the extent to which apartheid had reached in South Africa. However, Mandela’s movement was characterized by non-violent protests. However, the younger nationalists became discouraged because of lack of progress in the initial stages (Ryan, 2011).Advertising Looking for essay on biography? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Together with his colleagues, Mandela believed that incorporating violence in their activities would trigger police’s brutality and this would bring suffering to South African blacks (Glad Blanton, 1997). In case they engaged in violent activities, they new that the white leaders would take that opportunity to finish their people. This was the main reason why they refrained from engaging themselves in violent demonstrations. According to Lieberfeld (2003), Mandela demonstrated peace in every step he made. His struggle against apartheid in earlier days was characterized by peace. Mandela was one of those kinds of leaders who never gave up. He was rarely intimidated by any resistance to make his moves. He persistently moved forward. For instance, later on after joining ANC, Mandela decided to join the African National Congress Youth League (ANCYL) (Ryan, 2011). This is because ANC was making very little progress during that time. Due to his thirst to save his people from the chains of apartheid, Mandela joined this party as it was more vibrant than ANC. This group was composed of the members of ANC who were more militant. In 1949, ANCYL organized strikes and boycotts across the country (Ryan, 2011). These actions were directed to force for changes in policies which oppressed the Africans in South Africa. In 1951, Nelson Mandela was elected as the head of this political party in the country. Soon after being elected the leader of this group, Mandela initiated a Defiance campaign which was aimed at triggering a massive resistance towards discriminative policies. This was his next move after their initial moves yielded little results. Due to his perpetual resistan ce to the prevailing system and organizing of boycotts and strikes, Mandela was arrested in 1952 (Ryan, 2011). However, Mandela won that time as his sentence was suspended some time later. However, he was neither allowed to attend any public gathering nor attend ANC meetings. These restrictions were aimed at minimizing his interactions with the public to avoid further incitation. However, Mandela’s journey did not stop hear as many would have thought. This encounter just boosted her determination to pursue his goals. To defend the people who were persecuted in the apartheid system, Mandela opened a law which defended the convicts. Later, Mandela and some other leaders were charged of treason. This case was later dropped. However, most of Mandela’s time was wasted as he was sometimes forced to make many appearances before the court. Despite of these commitments, Mandela still continued to fight four the equality in South Africa.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Role Model: Nelson Mandela specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Underground Movement On realizing that non-violent resistance was not yielding any positive results, Mandela decided to adopt violence in his fight against apartheid. For instance, sixty nine people were killed while resisting for anti apartheid rule which restricted the movement of the blacks in South Africa. This incident made Mandela to change his strategy of non-violent resistance to more harsh reaction. This is because the rate of discrimination was rising even after their efforts instead of falling. In connection to this, ANC commenced adopting armed resistance (Ryan, 2011). After the banning of their party, Mandela with the support of other leaders formed an underground group. Through this group, Mandela and his colleagues targeted any official symbol of Apartheid and the government in their targets through sabotage. On seeing the extent to which apartheid ha d reached in South Africa, Nelson Mandela decided to travel across the African countries and Europe to seek support as well as learning the tactics of guerilla warfare (Ryan, 2011). Therefore, Mandela realized the importance of the support from other countries in his struggle against apartheid (Glad Blanton, 1997). Unfortunately, Mandela was arrested soon after going back to his country after completing his mission. He was charged for his involvements with the underground group and for moving out side the country without a legal prescription. This cost, Mandela five years in prison. Despite of these sufferings which Mandela underwent during his struggle against discrimination towards the black South Africans, his stand was never shaken. During his trial, Mandela confirmed not to be intimidated by anything from his fight against apartheid (Ryan, 2011). He also explained the main aims of the newly formed group Umkhonto we Sizwe. Mandela together with his group narrowly escaped execut ion during these trials (Ryan, 2011). However, they were given a life imprisonment. In 1964, Mandela was sent to Robben Island where he was supposed to spend the rest of his life according to the judgment. Later, he was kept confined alone in fear that he will intimidate his colleagues. All this suffering never shook Mandela’s ambitions. His people went to the extent of referring to him as a silent suffering martyr (Ryan, 2011). Road to Freedom and Accomplishments Later in 1984, negotiations for Mandela’s release started on condition that he will allow reallocation of South African blacks to specific places. However, Mandela rejected all these offers. This displays a strong character of determined and selfless leader who was ready to sacrifice himself for the sake of his people. This clearly shows that Mandela was not after any material gain in his struggle for equality.Advertising Looking for essay on biography? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Under the pressure of the international community and the black South Africans, the head of the National Party F.W. de Klerk softened his stand (Ryan, 2011). Restrictions on ANC were lifted and most laws which were discriminative were dissolved. After continued pressure, Mandela was released in 1990. Soon after being released, Mandela continued with his fight for freedom. He was engaged in negotiations with de Klerk form ma democratic government. In 1993, Mandela was awarded a Nobel Peace Prize (Ryan, 2011). This was just three years after being released. Through Mandela’s efforts, South African got the first chance to vote freely without impediments which mostly favored the whites. Mandela was finally elected the president of South Africa in 1994 under the ANC party. On becoming, the president of South Africa, Mandela came up with strategies to unite people and also released those imprisoned during the apartheid system through amnesty (Ryan, 2011). From there, Mandela has re ceived various awards for his good work to the community. For instance, he received Presidential Medal of Freedom from the former United States president Bush. Mandela was also determined in the fight against AIDs as well as care for the AIDs victims. Summary and Conclusion From this discussion, it can clearly be seen that Mandela is really a leader to be emulated. Throughout his leadership, he has demonstrated courage, humility, patience, perseverance, and determination, a combination of character traits which is very rare in many leaders. He persistently fought against discrimination in South Africa despite of the difficulties he faced. Mandela faced police brutality and imprisonment for about thirty years but was never discouraged from pursuing his goals. This discussion has also indicated that Mandela opted for violence after the peaceful demonstrations proved futile. This indicates that he was a humble reader who looked beyond the leadership boundaries. He considered every move he made taking into consideration the end results. Although he had the power to use violence from beginning of his struggle, he avoided that. Mandela’s leadership teaches us that one should never be discouraged from pursuing his or her goals despite of the conditions through which they pass. We should also not lose hope for whichever time period this may take. Mandela spent many years in jail but he never buried his hope. Reference List Glad, B. Blanton, R. (1997). F.W. de Klerk and Nelson Mandela: a study in cooperative transformational leadership. Presidential Studies Quarterly, Vol. 27, 1997. Lieberfeld, D. (2003). ‘Nelson Mandela: Partisan and Peacemaker.’ Negotiation Journal. Volume 19, Number 3, 229-250, DOI: 10.1023/A:1024629628402 Ryan, J. (2011). Nelson Mandela.  Nelson Mandela (Great Neck Publishing), 1. Web.

Defining concept of design thinking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Defining concept of design thinking - Essay Example Design thinking is usually incorporated often into the innovation process as well as organisation. Design thinking is the art of coming up with creative and practical solutions to on-going or current problems with an aim and hope of a better future result. As such, design thinking can simply be taken to be a type of thinking that is solely focused on finding a solution (solution focussed thinking). Instead of just focusing on how to solve a specific current problem, design thinking majorly aims at finding the best future solution. As such, the concept commences with a goal. By taking into consideration both the future and present conditions and the problem parameters, design thinking makes it possible for alternative solutions to be explored and evaluated simultaneously. Therefore, unlike design thinking, the scientific methods only commence with definitions of the problem parameters on the way of finding a solution to the problem. It does not explore alternatives or possess the futu re dimension in its process. Thus design thinking looks at both ambiguous and known aspects of the problem to figure out the open available alternatives and hidden parameters which will lead to the achievement of the goal. Since the process of design thinking is commonly iterative, there exists a lot of starting points. For example, initial problem redefinition or other intermediate solutions. Design thinking is a multidisciplinary process covering fields such as engineering, law, psychology, marketing and economics among others. For example, in engineering, education is geared towards the creation of engineers who can think and create designs (Pourdehnead, et.al, 2011). However, design thinking is a complex subject and one of the approaches used in teaching engineers design is the project-based learning approach (Dym, et.al, 2005). Engineering design